34 Bitlloch, Ruben Eduardo: 
Las tribus nómades canoeras y pedestes del extremo sur americano. 
Un estudio de la literatura etnohistórica (siglos XVI-XX)
2002. XIV, 480 p., 16 Fotos, 3 Karten und eine Einlegekarte, 40 EUR. ISBN 3-88156-751-8
El objetivo de esta investigación es el estudio de las sociedades indígenas de Tierra del Fuego y Patagonia Occidental. Así como del proceso de apropiación privada de la tierra en esos territorios, que en el presente forman parte de Argentina y Chile, y de las consecuencias que el mismo tuvo para sus antiguas habitantes. Además, una atenta lectura de las fuentes le permitió al autor, poder afirmar que en el espacio geográfico por él estudiado coexistieron distintas tribus y no solamente cuatro, como tradicionalmente se considera. Tribus que pasaban de la coexistencia al enfrentamiento y a nuevos repartos de sus respectivos territorios, o fundiéndose entre sí para formar nuevas etnias.
35 Röseberg, Martin Christian: 
Initiating and Sustaining Participatory Processes: Small Farmer Organization Development. 
Case Studies from Sri Lanka and the Philippines
2002. XIV, 560 p., 36 EUR. ISBN 3-88156-753-4
This study is intended as a contribution towards improved understanding of factors influencing the sustainability of small farmer organization in rural development. The three distinct perspectives of grassroots-oriented methodologies of research and change; wider social, historical and political contexts; and actual organizational processes are applied in order to explain the multitude of contradictions conditioning development processes and outcomes in ways which offen do not correspond to the supposed intentions of the actors involved. The study relates to practical examples of participatory methodology und small farmer organizations development within the FAO People’s Participation Program in the Sri Lankan dry zone und agrarian reform beneficiary organizations in Northern Mindanao, Philippines.
lt is found that despite a large theoretical discourse an participation in development, the actual scope of action remains limited by the often differing interpretations and intentions associated with the term, in particular within the conventional institutional framework of development projects. In contrast, a well developed civil society sector is better geared for assisting grassroots people to build und sustain autonomous self-help organizations.
36 López, Juan José Muñoz:
Política industrial y ajuste estructural en Costa Rica. 
2002. XVI, 256 p., 27 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-757-7
La preocupación central de este trabajo es fundementar que en economías pequenas, abiertas y en proceso de desarrollo es necesaria una política industrial activa, no sólo a nivel macroeconómico sino también sectorial. De esta manere, los resultados deben servir para proponer pautas para mejorar el diseno y la implementación de esta política en el periodo post ajuste estructural. Se ha analizado la polítka industriel de un caso específico, el costarricense en sus distintas dimensiones: el discurso y diseno la aplicación y sus efectos . Dado que el modelo de ajuste estructural ha dominado la polltica económica coostarricense en las últimas dos décadas, su evaluación constituye la parte medular del libro. Las principales acciones fueron la desgravación arancelaria, ln fleibilidad cambiaria y la promoción de exportaciones. Esta última contó con el apoyo político y financiero de todos los gohiernos del periodo de estudio, convirtiéndose así en el eje de esta política industrial. Por el contrario, en materia de reconversión industrial y políticas de modernización tecnológica, lo que hubo fue más discurso que implementación y es aquí donde reside una de las principales debilidades del proceso de ajuste en Costa Rica. Después de revisar la eficiencia de los instrumentos aplicados, se presentan algunas líneas de acción para una nueva polítka industrial.
37 Hüsken, Frans; de Jonge, Huub: 
Violence and Vengeance. Discontent and Conflict in New Order Indonesia. 
2002. VI, 166 p., 21 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-758-5
Indonesia’s recent history has seen a range of violent clashes in various parts of the archipelago and since the fall of President Suharto in 1998 the nation has been rent by regi.onalist, religious and ethnic conflicts. Seen from that perspective, the Suharto years – the socalled New Order period which started with a coup d’6tat in 1965 may look relatively quiet. Violence and Vengeance is a collection of essays which provide an alternative and in-depth view of the socio-political climate of the 1960s through the 1990s. The essays show that in those years the threat and use of violence to achieve public or private objectives was common practice. Foremost instigator and employer of violence was the authoritarian state which in asserting its authority easily resorted to illegal or extra-legal methods. Nevertheless, it was unable to enforce an actual monopoly on the means of violence as separatist movements and opposition groups, as weil as criminal gangs also had access to weapons. To suppress opposition, the state willingly and knowingly employed paramilitary units and criminals, while it allowed the private sector to establish semi-autonomous vigilantes. Violence became privatised and pervaded Indonesian society in such a way that even in their personal lives, people resorted to violent ways of settling private scores or of making their power felt. The roots of present-day violence in Indonesia are at least partly to be found in New Order politics.
Frans Hüsken (1945) and Huub de Jonge (1946) both have extensive fieldwork experience in Indonesia and have published on various aspects of lndonesian social and economic development. At present, they are on the staff of the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Nijmegen.
38 van Naerssen, Ton; Barten, Françoise (eds): 
Healthy Cities in Developing Countries. Lessons To Be Learned. 
2002. VIII, 184 p., 24 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-761-5
The Healthy Cities movement was launched by the World Health Organisation in 1986 and has been adopted by many cities in the world since then. Cities of developing countries in particular face major urban environmental problems. Poverty and the environmental conditions which these cities experience lead to the spread of infections and parasitic diseases. The increasing burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, injuries and violence illustrate the desperate situation of the urban poor. However, environmental problems are not confined to the poor. Ultimately these problems will influence city-wide wellbeing. This calls for innovative approaches to improve urban health. Healthy Cities can help to provide a solution through health promotion, the facilitation of inter-sectoral co-operation and the participation of social groups. This publication examines how Healthy Cities programmes have succeeded to put health issues on the urban development policy agenda. It considers whether its implementation has contributed to increased participation of actors of the civil society in urban development and cross-sectoral policy in the South. It examines the extent to which the approach has taken the economic, social, cultural c and political conditions in developing countries into account as well as the global policy context. It argues that there is a need to further clarify concepts.
39 und 40:
Vermeulen, Han; Kommers, Jean (eds): 
Tales from Academia. History of Anthropology in the Netherlands.
39: Part 1. 2002. XVI, 598 p., 39 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-763-1
40: Part 2. 2002. XII, 532 p., 38 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-764-X
This book in two parts aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the history of cultural, social and physical anthropology in The Netherlands. Experienced anthropologists were invited to describe the history of their own departments and specialisations. The forty-four authors present detailed histories and relate developments as they themselves partly experienced them. In keeping with recent ideas about ethnography, the editors preferred expressions of anthropological practice as performed, rather than constructed and detached de facto histories.
The book has two parts. The first part contains institutional histories. The chapters show that each department has developed its own distinctive voice, moving from ethnology (volkenkunde) and cultural anthropology to non-western sociology. The focus is on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with an early start in the eighteenth century. The second part presents a wide range of anthropological specialisations. In both parts, attention has been paid to social contexts and dynamic interrelations between anthropology and Dutch society.
These histories aim to contribute to disciplinary and social discourse, as much as being part of that discourse. In its turn, we hope that the book will generate new tales. For this reason, special care has been given to present up-to-date bibliographies in order to provide full references to anthropology in its various guises in The Netherlands.
41 Ganeshamoorthy, Murugesu: 
The Political Economy of Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries: The Sri Lankan Case. 
2002. XIVI, 336 p., 33 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-765-8
In this book an attempt has been made to explain the factors behind trade liberalization in developing countries from a political economy perspective. It is often argued that the recent drive of trade liberalization in developing countries has been a result of foreign pressure. Western influences via the loan conditionality of the IMF and the World Bank have been cited as the driving forces of opening up the economies of developing countries. However, there are many important factors – other than loan conditionality – which may be driving trade policy decisions in these countries.
Particularly, the role of the domestic political factors may be crucial in policy-making.
This study basically intends to investigate all potential factors – both from internal and external origin – which can influence a government’s decision to liberalize its trade regime and the economy at large. A theoretical framework has been developed in order to examine all relevant factor. This framework is applied to the Sri Lankan trade liberalization of 1977. It appears that in this case domestic factors such as a domestic economic crisis, change of the government and strong leadership, are at least as important as external influences.
42 Borsboom, Ad; Jespers, Frans (eds): 
Identity and Religion. A Multidisciplinary Approach. 
2003. VI, 300 p., 33 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-767-4
This book is the result of an interdisciplinary project by anthropologists and theologians concerning the relationships between two subjects that are central to both disciplines: identity and religion. The book opens with a general introduction, discussing the relationship between anthropologists and theologians in a world affected by a change from colonialism to globalisation. The first part of the book contains some general conceptual and philosophical studies. The second part is devoted to case studies, ranging from Australian Aborigines, to people in Africa, Surinam, India and to Muslims in the Netherlands. The third and concluding part contains articles written by theologians. They concentrate on matters of identity and dialogue in inter-religious contexts.
At the very moment that Christianity seems to be loosing its prominence in expressions of Western identity, it is becoming a crucial factor in the construction of many 'exotic' identities. This process involves both Western as well as indigenous theologians. Therefore a reappraisal of the relationship between theology and anthropology is urgent. All the more because traditionally the relations between the two disciplines often were reduced to those between anthropologists and missionaries.
43 Porras, Rafael Díaz: 
A developing country perspective on policies for sustainable agribusiness chains: the case of Costa Rica. 
2003. XVIII, 358 p., 33 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-769-0
The main purpose of the conducted research is to develop a methodology for policy design that enhances the long-term competitiveness of agribusiness in developing countries. The development of globalised production, commercialisation and investments networks, determines much of the dynamics of national agribusiness chains. For new policy design the global chain approach has been extended with recent methodological advances of trade theories, systemic competitiveness and environmental life cycle assessment.
This method has been applied to the Costa Rican coffee, cheese and baby vegetables sectors, in order to develop comparative competitiveness and sustainability indicators, and to examine the impacts of economic policies in these chains. Possible upgrading trajectories have been identified, which are very much related to the strategies of global and national chain governance agents. For coffee these are the big roasters and retailers in developed countries, while for cheese and baby vegetables one finds respectively the main Costa Rican milk processing co-operative and the Californian supermarket chains.
The environmental hot spots in the chains have been localised for policy making because environmental and health requirements will increase due to demands of consumers and intermediate businesses. Knowledge of imperfect market structures and chain dynamics helps to prioritise the kind of upgrading, which national chain agents may develop. The control of domestic chains by multinational firms could become a problem. Developing countries' agents should try to gain access to final consumption markets, branding and the provision of certain specialised services to different agribusiness chain segments. The extended commodity chain method is an appropriate tool to prioritise policies, operationalise systemic competitiveness concepts, and address the institutional arrangements for implementation.
44 Huigen, Siegfried; Kommers, Jean (eds): 
Interpretations of Colonial Representations. Reflections on Alterity, Colonial History, and Intercultural Contact. 
2004. XI, 134 p., 24 EUR, ISBN 3-88156-776-3
This book offers a collection of essays about the interpretation of colonial representations, most of them in relation to the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The history of a world wide operating trading company like the VOC offers a great variety of contact histories, ranging from situations of 'first contact' to the development of 'multicultural communities'. In these histories representation is always immanent. It is manifest in the construction of social images, as well as in the effects of social behaviour. In this book the focus is on media that transmit representations of other people: language, pictures, scientific discourses, narratives, and text editions.